Nasa astronauts space crispr editing for1/12/2024 Vijayakumar, Sung, Li and Li were mentored by their teachers Kaarin Schumacher of Woodbury High School and Aaron Ogdahl of Mounds View High School, as well as scientists Kutay Deniz Atabay and Guy Bushkin of the Whitehead Institute. The experiment was developed by the students in collaboration with Genes in Space and NASA microbiologists Sarah Stahl and Sarah Wallace. It will also enable the use of gene editing tools in space for the first time. This experiment may provide insights on how cells repair their DNA in space, which could lead to better protection for astronauts’ genomes. Double-strand breaks are readily repaired by cells, but incorrect repair causes DNA mutations that may result in diseases such as cancer.Īn astronaut on ISS will use the CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing tool in space for the first time to create targeted double-strand breaks in a yeast genome, which will then repair itself. Next, polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing will be used on the ISS to examine the repaired break sites for mutations caused by DNA repair. Astronauts traveling beyond Earth’s protection are at serious risk of DNA damage from cosmic rays, including risk of double-strand breaks - a particularly harmful type of DNA lesion. On Earth, DNA is shielded from radiation damage by the protective effects of the atmosphere and magnetic field. For further information, please contact the cited source.Vijayakumar, Sung, Li and Li’s study will investigate the mechanisms of DNA repair in space. Note: material may have been edited for length and content. This article has been republished from materials provided by Genes in Space. This study represents the first demonstration of genetic modification of living organisms in space, a crucial milestone in the development of complete molecular biology workflows on orbit. NASA microbiologists Sarah Wallace and Sarah Stahl helped the team develop their idea and ready their experiment for spaceflight, and astronauts Christina Koch and Nick Hague executed the experiment aboard the ISS.ĬRISPR/Cas9 joins a growing portfolio of molecular biology techniques available on the ISS National Lab, an expansion due in part to the multi-year collaboration between NASA’s Johnson Space Center and the Genes in Space program. The study was designed by David Li, Aarthi Vijayakumar, Rebecca Li, and Michelle Sung, the team of students that won the 2018 Genes in Space contest while attending Mounds View High School and Woodbury High School in Minnesota. This Genes in Space study is the fruit of a multi-center collaboration between scientists and engineers at NASA’s Johnson Space Center, the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, miniPCR Bio, and Boeing. Understanding how DNA repair mechanisms function in space will support the development of better safeguards for space explorers. Though cells have means of correcting DNA damage, errors in the repair process can lead to negative health consequences including cancer. The CRISPR-induced DNA lesions are intended to mimic genetic damage caused by cosmic radiation, a serious risk facing space travelers. This investigation was co-led by student winners of the 2018 Genes in Space national science competition co-founded by Boeing and miniPCR Bio. Molecular changes left behind as yeast repair these breaks will provide clues about how cells repair their DNA in space. The gene editing technique was deployed on the International Space Station (ISS) to induce targeted breaks in the yeast genome. For the first time, astronauts have used CRISPR/Cas9 technology to edit DNA in space.
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